Monday, December 5, 2016

Cruising Oma (Grandma) Bike

Yesterday I took the third bike to the annual Vermont Energy and Climate Action Network (VECAN) conference.  It is not finished yet (I have to do all of the wiring still), but I didn't want to wait another year until the 2017 conference so off it went.  Since 275 people have now seen it at the conference I thought it should be introduced on the blog, and then I'll write more about the details as I finish building it.  Because I've built 3 bikes and have ideas for 3 more (plus I've been asked to build a bicycle bean thresher), I've decided to introduce Scarlet Runner Bicycles as a name for this series of bikes.

The Cruising Oma Solar Electric Cargo Bike at VECAN 2016

VECAN is a network of town energy committees from about half of the towns in Vermont.  This year's conference was "Local Leadership, Local Action: Partnering to Get to 90% by 2050", which is acceptable because it is our state's energy goal, but I'd really prefer Sierra Club's "Ready for 100%" renewable energy goal.  The local leadership is necessary because our federal government is such a mess.  The keynote speaker this year was Søren Hermansen, Director of the Samsø Energy Academy in Samsø, Denmark, an island that is generating all it's electricity with renewable energy sources and now exporting power back to the mainland.

Søren Hermansen, keynote speaker at VECAN 2016, photo by Bob Farnham

If you would like to watch Søren's presentation, Bob ("Bob the Green Guy") has filmed and posted it at http://bobthegreenguy.com/vecan-2016/keynote-address/soren-hermansen/   Søren's talk starts at 30:30 and ends at 1:33:42.  It's a good talk about community building, which is sorely needed right now.

Before
After
As you can see I kept the rear chain stays, seat stays, bottom bracket, head tube and front fork, but I added a little bit in between.  This bike was inspired by the Longbikes built in Adelaide, Australia in 1987 by the Musgrave Community Bicycle Works.

The GreenMachine Longbike by Ian Grayson and company, 1987

I based the mid cargo box layout on a Dutch Oma (Grandmother) style frame for easier getting on and off, and then I moved the seat back and down into a cruiser style position for both comfort and having feet flat on the ground at a stop.  (click on pictures to enlarge them)

The box is thin cherry veneer with fiberglass cloth and resin wrapped around both the outside and the inside.  I almost tried canvas instead, but this turned out fairly light weight.  The length and width are the size of a car front seat, and a child seat will fit inside.  The paint is magenta acrylic latex enamel house paint, and I've finally figured out how to get a good coat applied- two people asked me at the conference if I had sent the frame out to be powder coated.

I moved the motor from the rear wheel to the frame for two reasons, the first is shifting down for climbing very steep hills (20% to 22% grade), and the second is to make fixing flat tires easier.  I converted a geared hub motor from spinning the outside case (out runner) to spinning the shaft (in runner), which gave me an internal freewheel inside the motor and an external one on the shaft, so that the motor and pedals can work independently.

There are many things to be finished up yet on the bike, but I've been able to take short rides and it seems good.  It takes forever to turn because it's so long, (it's shorter than the bakfiets but longer than the longtail), but I'll save that discussion for another post.

The end.



Wednesday, October 5, 2016

Political Bicycling

The third bike is almost done, but I thought I'd write a post first about some of the people I've met along the way.  I'm not a political person, I'd much rather design and build projects.  It's been my experience that the things that really matter in life are usually done by people first, and then a couple of years later the politicians figure it out.

However my solar electric cargo bikes have been at 80 or 90 events since 2012, and I also have had two bike blenders since 2007 that have been to even more events than that, so I've met a few politicians along the way.  The bikes have been very public, and I've unwittingly become a bicycle advocate.  The events for the last 4 or 5 years have usually been for my town's energy committee or the Sierra Club Upper Valley group or the SC Vermont Chapter.  Before that it was our regional Farm to School food program, and also our local Transition Towns group.

This post is really about friends I've met along the way.  Vermont is from "vertes montagnes", which means "Green Mountains", and our love for our forests doesn't really have any political boundaries.  The early events were focused on local agriculture, business, and sustainability in general, but lately transportation has become a stronger focus.  Transportation is Vermont's largest source of pollution, responsible for 46% of  our carbon emissions.  I've helped organize a lot of Electric Vehicle actions over this time, but bikes are still my first choice for cleaning up our transportation.

Last summer the Longtail was up in Montpelier at the VT Agency of Transportation for a month long pilot study, and people from VTrans brought the bike over to the capitol building and gave legislators test rides on it.  Vermont Secretary of Transportation Sue Minter took a ride, I recently saw her and her report was: "That was fun!"  (Sue is now running for Governor in this year's elections.)  Here is a short video of the test ride:
This is special to me, as the only other Secretary of Transportation that I've seen on a bike is Janette Sadik-Khan, Commissioner of  NYC DOT, and she was riding just a regular bike (well OK, a bikeshare bike).  I give Sue a lot of credit for trying out my bike, and of course I hoped this would translate into more bike lanes.  I've had the chance to talk with our current Transportation Secretary Chris Cole twice now, and he understands the need to include bikes in our transportation mix (see our state report "The Decline of Driving: Navigating Vermont without a Car", January 21, 2015), and he supports electric bikes because of our rural and hilly terrain.

Going back a few years to the blender bike days, I have to include Bernie:
We held a series of annual Farmfests that celebrated our local farms, which eventually resulted in their produce being included in school kid's menus around the Upper Valley.  Bernie Sanders attended in 2009.  Eric Dicke and I had built the red blender bike for our Transition Town group, and Nora (in front) was running it for the day.  Bernie came over and talked with the high school students that were hanging around, asking them about their plans for the future.

The Leahys also showed up in 2010:
After giving speeches along with VT Secretary of Agriculture Roger Albee, Senator Patrick Leahy answered questions, (in the group visible in the back of this photo), while his wife Marcelle made smoothies.  We had made the red blender bike that Marcelle is pedaling first, but the 26" tire frame was too big for many elementary school kids so we had to make the smaller blue blender bike.  Both bikes are still being used several times a year at regional events (although they really could use new tires).  Often they are used by elementary schools (kale smoothies from their school garden yum!), community groups, food coops, parks, and other town energy committee events, but this past spring they were also out at the Hypertherm Plasma Cutters green week promotion (for the third time), as well as a Tuck School of Business Sustainability Club Social (one of several times they have been at Dartmouth college).

The blue blender bike premiered at the Dartmouth Hopkins Arts Center on Earth Day 2011

This is Will Allen, co owner of Cedar Circle organic farm in Thetford, author of "The War on Bugs", GMO labeling advocate, and host of many Strawberry festivals that I've brought both the bike blenders and solar electric cargo bikes to, (as well as Solar Hartland solar displays).

Tom Kennedy of the Southern Windsor County Regional Planning Commission, helping the Springfield High School Students fund raise at a smoothie booth at a Springfield region Energy Expo.

Change The World Kids is a Woodstock High School group where kids explore our natural world and what it means to us.  They've borrowed the bikes for several events, such as this Energy Fair on the town green back in 2010.  The Middlebury college student group 350.org was just picking up momentum with the guidance of Bill McKibben at the time, and they helped with this fair.  The blender bike was used as part of an energy awareness display.

My local food coop held a summer celebration at one of the community gardens, and we made smoothies for a treat.  They ended up using a photo of the bike for their listing in the national coop directory.

My Elementary School Principal Judy Callens and Town Manager Bob Stacey make smoothies at the school during National Healthy Eating Week.  The kids were very enthusiastic- teachers had to designate students (i.e. ration biking time) from each class for pedaling.  They made a different color smoothie each day of the week, this day was blueberries.  The bikes have also been at our annual Trek to Taste regional celebration five times, which is about local food and has displays from the kids about their school gardens.

There are several dozen more blender events, but back to the solar electric cargo bikes.  The bike blenders are fun, but at this point I've made enough smoothies to float from here to Montpelier.  If you'd like to know more I wrote a webpage about the blenders (along with a solar panel powered blender) back in 2010, with instructions for making one:

I also decided around 2010 to use my car less, and you can't travel very well on a blender bike.  Since I've been building projects all my life (including a lot of car and motorcycle experience), I started building bikes to use as a car replacement.  I've already written about several of the cargo bike events- here are a few more (that have kept me from keeping my blog up to date).  :-) 

The North American camel meets solar electric cargo bike.
Although not directly political, (artists do have their share of political drama though), this photo from the mists of time is special enough to repost here.  I had curated 4 environment and climate art shows at my town library, and as a result was participating with the bikes in Sculpturefest 2013 over in Woodstock.  This Aepycamelus (tall camel) was widespread in North America about 20 million years ago, and became extinct about a million years ago because of the last ice age.  This sculpture is made entirely of brush and flowers collected from the fields, and the artist did such a good job that the sculpture looked real.

I gave a talk about the bakfiets in 2013 at my Two Rivers Regional Planning Commission, to the Transportation Advisory Committee (TAC) representatives from area towns.  It was great fun, and I also met Gina Campoli of VTrans for the first time, when she gave her presentation about Vermont Electric Vehicle programs.  I'm now working on EV issues for the Vermont Sierra Club and appreciate the work that she and others in state agencies have done to build EV numbers in the state.  Afterwards we took the bakfiets outside for test rides (aka playing with bikes).

Getting back closer to political biking advocacy, Bike Aficionado Albert Echt and Go!Vermont program consultant Deb Sachs talk bikes at the 2014 Vermont Walk and Bike Summit in Burlington.  This was the beginning of the solar bike discussion at the state level.

Go!Vermont program Director Ross McDonald arranged for the longtail to be in a pilot study last summer at the Vermont Department of Transportation.  It was part of their bike pool, and this is a picture of it in the lobby with a sign out sheet.  During last fall's Vermont legislative session a bill was passed that defined electric bikes as having the same legal standing as regular bikes, and our legislature decided to allow 1000 watts of power (a bit above the federal consumer products safety limit of 750 watts), which was a good step for making both cargo and everyday working bikes more feasible in our terrain.

The longtail also took part in last year's 4th of July parade in Montpelier, ridden by Robert Atchinson, one of the railroad administrators from VTrans.  He put a poster board explaining the bike on the back, and enjoyed passing by the gas pumps.

In addition to events like the Renewable Energy Vermont conference and the Burlington Church Street alternative transportation expo which I've already written about, (see http://mysolarelectriccargobike.blogspot.com/2014/10/october-news-rev-conference.html),
I've also brought bikes to the Vermont Toxics Action Center conference at Vermont Technical College, (you can just see one in the back corner of the photo above).  Toxics Action is a New England coalition that works to clean up polluted areas.

The bikes also been at the Vermont Energy and Climate Action Network conference a couple of times, the Sports Trails of the Ascutney Basin (STAB, hosts of the Vermont 50 mile race to benefit the Vermont Adaptive Ski and Sports Association), and the Bellow Falls Community Bike Project for several events:
The Bellows Falls Community Bike Project 1 year anniversary celebration!

Lately I've also enjoyed teaching about the bikes, such as at this SkillShare event last June.  Although this class was about the basics of converting a bike to an eBike, I had brought along a demonstration hub motor that I'd converted to mid mount use (it's now an in runner with the shaft spinning instead of the outside case) to take apart, and everyone was eager to see what was inside.  I don't think the people attending will be getting that involved in their projects, but I wouldn't be surprised to see a few regular eBikes built- there were several members from a nearby Quaker community attending that have been self sufficient and energy efficient for decades that wanted to be able to use their bikes more.

I've also been attending the Vermont Transportation Efficiency Network (VTEN) meetings, which are all about everything except the Single Occupancy Vehicle (SOV).  One of the members is Stagecoach transit in Randolph, and I brought the longtail to their 40th anniversary celebration. Laura Perez organized the event, and although it was about buses, there were some serious bikers there too that kept me busy explaining the longtail.  In this photo I'm doing double duty- the Tee shirt I'm wearing is for Sierra Club's national "Ready for 100" campaign, which is about becoming 100% renewable energy powered by 2050.

Another Sierra Club event was the 100th anniversary of our National Park System celebration at the Marsh Billings Rockefeller National Park.  Similar to some of the parks out west, they have a no bikes policy on the trails, but about half the staff were very interested in the longtail.  Tour guide Bonna Wieler (at the table) of Boots to Boats (a hiking and canoeing program) took a test ride, and we ended up talking about the price of eBikes versus cars, (in other words what would it take for her to get an eBike?)

I helped with an Electric Vehicle Forum and Demonstration in New London, NH last month.  They think it was the largest EV event in New England so far, but I think my event at the Montshire museum was bigger (both were around 250 people).  I may have overstepped a little, holding my sign saying "I'm ready for electric cars in NH!" since I'm a Vermont resident.  Oh well, New Hampshire is a bit behind the curve and needs a push.

Last April several state organizations organized a Youth Climate Day at the Vermont capitol building, and close to 500 high school students stood on the capitol building steps and called for climate action.  I brought the bakfiets along with some carbon emissions information that I've been using for Sierra Club and EV work.  This is my legislative representative John Bartholomew, who I hope gets re-elected because I've been training him for months to introduce an incentive bill for working bikes to the legislature during the next session.

By coincidence it turns out that Sierra Club has built a very strong national Electric Vehicle program because of the damage that transportation emissions are doing to our environment. (SC is one of three main sponsors of National Drive Electric Week.)  I have fallen into the role of the EV person for our Vermont Chapter because of my bikes and car knowledge.  It's been great fun.  I've gotten to be part of the state VW Diesel Emissions Settlement comments, as well as part of a federal National Labs study on EV programs, and also sign a state letter to the California Air Resources Board (CARB), (because California's vehicle standards affect our Vermont vehicles through the Zero Emissions Vehicles Memorandum of Understanding (ZEV MOU) that we are part of).  I've also learned about the Transportation and Climate Initiative in 12 states, which is working along with NESCAUM to implement a Regional Greenhouse Gas Initiative (RGGI) for transportation.  In all honesty though, I have to say that an EV is still a car, (and a self driving car is still a car), and we will continue to have congestion and resource problems with them.  The native mode of transportation for humans is walking, and we have built a system where 4800 pedestrians die each year in the US.  In urban areas our interstate highway system is obsolete.  We need a new vision of transportation.

In the meantime EVs can be extremely impressive cars, and I'm happy to support them during a transition to better transportation.  A summer ago Drive Electric Vermont worked on the "Drive the Dream" campaign, which promoted Work Place Charging (WPC).  This has been shown to be an important step in building EV infrastructure, and there were 22 large businesses that agreed to put in vehicle charging stations for employees.  They held a conference at the end of the program at the Vermont Teddy Bear company, and I got to bring my bike.  In this picture Vermont Teddy Bear CEO Bill Shouldice and Governor Peter Shumlin are talking to the press about the program.  Democratic Governor Shumlin has been strongly supportive of EVs, but it was actually his predecessor Republican Jim Douglas that initiated our state EV work.

And what does all of this mean to the person in the street?
Sometimes you have to wear a suit while Driving the Dream.

Yesterday I took the frame for the third bike over to Sculpturefest.  It is now ready for paint, but the bright shiny metal at this moment looks like one of the sculptures in the show.  There were about 50 elementary school kids visiting, and I got to talk with them about making bikes, bending and welding tubing, cargo boxes, electric motors, and solar.  Two of them even asked for my autograph!  (I signed, but told them it wasn't worth anything.)  It was a blast, and they asked some very good questions- several of the second graders were expert bike riders already, and figured out the electric drive right away.  It's time to put in some more bike lanes.

Thursday, January 7, 2016

Hannah's Vendor Bike

One of the projects of last summer was helping to finish Hannah's vendor bike.  She had spent time in India and fell in love with the street vendor carts, and wanted to build one of her own.  When I first saw her bike at the Strolling of the Heifers parade in June 2014, a lot of the hard work had already been done:


Hannah had worked with Frank the Welder (Frank Wadelton, an MTB builder in Bellows Falls www.frankthewelder.com) to design and build a frame that could hold two large vendor boxes (one for hot food prep and one for cold storage) on the back.  Then she had started building one of the vendor boxes with metal sculptor Mark Goodenough (www.markgoodenough.com).  But the design had gotten stuck and when I talked with her several months later the bike still needed more work done.  I offered to help finish the bike, and she dropped the pieces off at my barn.


The first thing that I did was to prop the box up on the frame and stare at it for a month, while we talked about what needed to fit on and in the box, and how it would be connected.  Once we had an idea of what was necessary, we started finishing up the boxes.

Photo credit: Mark Goodenough

The first box needed to be double walled, as it was for cold storage and needed a layer of insulation.  Mark had built the box using thin wall aluminum square tubing to reinforce the corners, and then he stuffed rigid insulation in the sides before putting on the outside sheet metal skin.  The second box was for cooking, and needed only single wall construction, so we decided to bend it out of one large piece of sheet metal.  I was only too happy to do this, as all my life I've been bending sheet metal with either hand tongs or clamped onto a couple pieces of angle iron, and this gave me a perfect excuse to finally go buy a small 36" sheet metal brake.  It turned out that Hannah loved working on the brake too, often taking a piece of sheetmetal to it and returning later with a door or other piece bent very nicely.


The hot box carcase is single wall prepainted aluminum, with a face glued and riveted onto a sides, bottom, and back assembly that was bent from one piece of sheetmetal to minimize the number of joints.  There are two burners that fit into the top compartment, and a small propane cylinder in the bottom.

Hannah had designed the bike frame to be modular, so that she could easily put different size and shape boxes on it depending on vending needs.  We figured out a simple hoop adapter that would connect the sockets on the bike frame to aluminum angle ell attached to the back of the boxes.  The center part of the hoop was also covered with wood to form a small counter for holding condiments between the boxes.  

To hold the hoop up, a tube had to run from the frame sockets which are for 1 1/8" tubing to the hoop which is 3/4" tubing.  Instead of squishing the end of a larger piece of tubing down to the diameter of the hoop, I used the tapered ends from a front fork.  First I bent an old fork straight.

Next cut it to a length that fit well inside the sockets.

And then because the fork OD and the socket ID were both 1 1/8", I slit the fork, bent it smaller, and then welded it closed to gain some clearance for sliding the tube in the socket:

With the boxes assembled and hoop pieces made, we tied the boxes on the bike with a piece of wire for centering and adjusting the fit, and then tack welded the hoop in place;

Finishing up the welds on the hoop.  Photo credit: Hannah Regier

I've been using a MIG welder on the bikes, but since we already had the gas torch out for bending the curves on the end of the hoop, I used the torch.

Photo credit: Hannah Regier

Once the boxes were firmly attached to the bike, we each took first rides to check on the balance and ease of riding the bike.  It rode surprisingly well, although we knew it might be harder to ride when the boxes were full of food.  (It would be possible to fit a bottom bracket electric motor like a BBS02 if necessary.)  With the frame work done, we took the bike apart down to the bare frame and sent it out to be powder coated.

A lovely pumpkin orange.


Here is a closeup of the box attachment, with feet that locate the bottom edges on the support rails, and upper aluminum ells on the boxes that slide under the hoop and are held in place with pins.  You can also see the new kickstand.  We decided that the original version was too hard to use, because it required walking around to the back while balancing the bike.  After removing it I added a U channel to the frame that would fit a standard bike stand, so that we could easily add and modify a ready made stand.  This stand's feet are only 8" wide, and after testing the bike assembled, we found that with only one box mounted on the bike (i.e. unbalanced while loading) a width of 14" was necessary to hold the bike up, and it would be even wider with an unbalanced load of food.  The kickstand does give the bike a nice dual exhaust pipe look though.

We used a second brake lever (the black one) with a cable running back to the kickstand to pull it down when parking.  In addition to Hannah's choice of Pumpkin orange paint, you'll note her corn style handgrips.

Sorry for the shaded parts of this photo, you can just see the cable from the brake lever coming in at the upper left and ending in a brake adjuster nut fit into a black nylon frame tube clamp.  Then the center wire runs back to a loop I welded onto the kickstand.  It took a lot of fussing to get the length of the pull to match the hand lever travel, but with care spent adjusting the angle of pull, the force to pull the stand down turned out easier than expected.  Besides the stand being too narrow, I also don't like this one because the riveted pivots needed to be aligned to work smoothly, and it snapped shut and gave me a wicked blood blister.  We'll use a different stand next time.

Left side view of the almost completed bike, while testing for fit and last minute changes.

Right side view  (click on all the pictures to enlarge)

The lid on the cold box opens to form the serving counter.

At the beginning of October 2015 the Bellows Falls Community Bike Project (bfbike.org) held a fund raiser with cookies and cakes.  The Welcome Center on Interstate 91 has a small pavilion that non profit groups are allowed to use, and Hannah brought her bike to help catch the attention of travelers as they walked by into the Center.  In the future she is thinking of using the bike at local farmers markets or other similar events, and learning how well it works and what might be improved.  It might turn out to be nice to have a motor, and we already know the kickstand could be wider.  (Hannah is thinking that drop down legs at the corners of the boxes might be the best solution for a stand because they would work on uneven ground, but a season of use will give her a better evaluation.)  This was a fun project, thanks Hannah!